Friable vegetable dye and process of making same.



STAiEs P rENT orrrcu.

FREDERICK J. MAYWALD, or ew YORK, N. Y.

FRIABLE VEGETABLE DYE AND PROCESS OF MAKING SAME.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Aug. 4, 1908.

Application filed June 14, 1904. Serial No. 212,499.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, FREDERICK J. MAY- WALD, a citizen of the United States, residing in the borough of Brooklyn, city of New York, county of Kings, and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Coloring Materials and Methods of Preparing the Same; and I do hereby declare the followingto be a full, clear, and exact description of the same, such as will enable others skilled in theart to which it appertains to make and use the same.

My invention relates generall to dyestuffs and to methods offpreparing t 0 same; and my invention consists in a method ofproducing, from vegetable coloring extracts, such as logwood, fustic, Brazil wood, Persian berry, and archil, which are viscous in their nature, a dry, friable and substantially non-hygroscopic but water-soluble dyestu'if the extracti ve matter within which is chemically unchanged, being the same'as when the dyestuif was in a fluid condition, and which will not run together with exposure to heat; and my invention consists further in thecoloring ma- I so as a d-yestufi, and in other cases the mate-- rial isextremely hygroscopic, tending to ab-' 1 sorb noisture and to melt and run together.

through freezing, liabiht to leakage, trouble and waste in handling, iability to variation in tinctorial power due -to evaporation or other cause, and difficulty. of dissolving in cold water. If such extracts be evaporated to dryness, in many cases the material is so altered c emically as to be valueless or nearly one object of my invention is to produce from dyestufis, and pa rticularly"from lo "wood'extract, a dry material, which, whi e chemically unaltered, and while having high I tinctorial power, is non-hygroscopic, s not 'taric. acid, read ailected injuriouslyby moisture of the air nor by heat, is friable, ermanent, and is readily and completely so uble in water.

Another object is to render the process of preparing the coloring material simple, easy to carry out, and relatively inexpensive.

A further object is to avoid the production of corrosive gases, or noxious or dangerous fumes or odors, such as are given off during the manufacture of logwood powders by certain chemical methods. a

In carrying out my process, I add to the dyestuil' to be solidified a soluble colloidal. H carbohydrate body hereafter mentioned, and

then evaporate the mixture to dryness. The substance which I prefer to use is dextrin, and it is preferably used in solution, as by so doing more uniform results may be obtained. But instead of usingdextrin, I

may use other similar bodies; as, for exam ple, gum arabic, tragacanth or other gums of similar type;'- The compoundsd'esulting fr'omthe mixture of the substances named .with vegetable coloring extracts, such as mentioned, and from the evaporation of the mixtures, dry rapidly and easily to a owder which is permanent, dry, substantial y nonhygroscopic, and will not run together when exposed to heat or when exposed 'for a considerable time to moist air such as ma exist within a bell jar when there is a disho Water therein. If, after long-continued exposure to Wet air, the powder has slightly agglutinated, it will readily fall to a powder again, or can be broken up easily after a short ex posure to dry air. This powder is readily and completely soluble in cold water and easily and rapidly-soluble in hot water. i During its preparation and manufacture no rosive gases, are given ofi; no complicated noxious or dangerous fumes. or odors, or cor-J 1 apparatus is required, and the temperature to which the material is exposed during drying need not be watched closely. Any tempera'ture-may'be used, so long as it is below the temperature of destruction of the organic matter. Drying may take place with equal iacility in open pans or in a vacuum chamber. .The' resulting compounds, when in solution, dye wool which has beenmordanted in the usual way With 'bichromate and tar- 'y'end easily, and-with full shade, the same asif ordinary logvwood extract had been used, but with purer tone and Without attem tion mentioned, iowever, is the one most solidifying agent,

material used tracts of logwood, Brazil wood,

, by the use of dextrin: To 100 lbs. of logwood extract of 51 degrees Twaddell is added .dyewood or vegetable extracts .gree TWaddell solution, but may with more uniform results. By this process, the extractive material is not changed chemicall but remains the same as when in the 'tion.

The following will serve as an example of a method of producing, according to my process, a dry compound from logwood extract 10 lbs. of dextrin which has in a small quantity of water. The mixture is stirred well, and then eva orated to dryne ss. The resulting mass alls readily to powder, mere rubbing being suificient to reduce it to a fine powder.

It will be ap arent to those skilled in the art, from'the a ove description, how similar dry compounds may be obtained from other by the use of dextrin', and fromlogwood or other ex tracts by the use of any of the substances mentioned above as equivalents of dextrin.

pting to mention all of the vegetableooloring materials which, by the process above described, may be reduced to been dissolved tl process being combined with that of a 'dry condition, I will mention fustic, Brazil wood, Persian berry, and archil or orchil, as the name is yariously spelled.

I do not limit myself to the use of a 51 deuse solutions of different stren th. The particular soluused commercially I do notlimit myself to the use of any particular proportion of the dcxtrin or other as the proportion of such mayvary somewhat according to the result desired to be obtained. a A sample of logwoodpowder made by the use of dextrin according to the process above described has been exposed by me under a bell jar containing a dish of water, for more than two months, without its showing the slightest sign of absorbing moisture or getting wet. Yet it was easily soluble to a clear solution in water.

The coloring matters contained in the exarchil or orchil, and certain other substances, are oxidized coloring matters. The coloring matters contained in the extracts of fustic,

J friable 'fdye material and dextrln.

which are used in' connection with ordinary extracts of similar nature.

It will be understood that the process above described is only one way of carrying outmy invention, and that the process may be varied greatly without departing from my invention.

If desired, the dextrin or other solidifying agen't'may be added to the extract during ie operation of extracting the coloring material from its vegetab e source, my

no- And if desired, inst ead ducing the extract.

of adding the solidifying material to a liquid solution, it may be added to the pasty, pitch-like, or even to the solid forms of the extract, and I do not intend by the term extract as herein used, to denote only a liquid substance, but intend also to include,

asty, pitch-like, or even dry form of the yestufi. i

Dycwood and other vegetable coloring extracts, and particularly logwood extracts,

of 5] degrees Twadd'ell strength, usually contain from 60 to 70 percent. of dyewood extractive matter; from which it follows that in the dry compound formed from such an extract to which 10 per cent. of dextrin has been added, there will be from 1-2 to 14 per cent. of dextrin, approximately.

at Ielaimis 1. The process of preparing a dry friable dyestufl from viscous extracts of vegetable dye materials which consists in adding a soluble colloidal carbohydrate body to such a viscous extract and evaporating the mixture to a dry friable condltion.

2. The process of preparing a dry friable dyestuil from viscous ilogwood extracts which consists in adding a soluble colloidal carbohydrate body to such a viscous logwood extract and evaporating the mixture to a dry friable condition.

.3. The roccss of preparing a dry friable dyestuil' ii'om viscous lo wood extracts which consists in adding extrin to'sueh extracts and evaporating the mixture to a dry friable condition.

4. A new article of manufacture, a dry friable mixture of an extract of a Vegetable dye material yieldim viscous extracts, and a soluble colloidal carbohydrate body. I

As a new article of manufacture, a dry mixture of an extract of'vegetablc 6. As a new article friable mixture dextrin. i

In testimony whereof I ailix my signature, in the presence of two witnesses.

FREDERICK J. MAYlVA L] Witnesses: l

H. M. llYlARliLE, D. Howam) llmwoon.

of manufacture, a dry oi logwood extract and 

